IgE is primarily associated with which type of immune response?

The connection between IgE and allergic reactions is well established in immunology. IgE is an antibody class that plays a critical role in mediating hypersensitivity reactions, particularly in the case of allergies and asthma. When a person is exposed to an allergen—such as pollen, dust mites, or certain foods—the immune system may produce IgE antibodies specific to that allergen.

These IgE antibodies bind to mast cells and basophils, which are types of white blood cells involved in the immune response. Upon subsequent exposure to the same allergen, the allergen cross-links the IgE on the surface of these cells, leading to their activation. This activation causes the release of histamine and other inflammatory mediators, resulting in the symptoms associated with allergic reactions, such as itching, swelling, and respiratory issues.

In contrast, the other options represent different immune processes. Cell-mediated immunity predominantly involves T-cells and is essential for combating intracellular pathogens and tumors. Autoimmunity occurs when the immune system mistakenly targets the body's own tissues, leading to conditions like rheumatoid arthritis, rather than specifically involving IgE. Lastly, systemic infections are generally addressed by various immune mechanisms, including other types of antibodies such as IgA, IgM, and IgG